Child Labour In Nepal

The problems of child labour in the developing countries like Nepal,India,Pakistan, Bangladesh and Shree Lanka have become a burning question of today. IN India alone there are over 100 million children employed in different work. However, Nepal also has no exception to this problem. Over half a million children are also being employed in Nepal.

It is an issue of subsistence that forces the children to take up menial jobs and give up their studies at an early stage of life. The parents of the poor children find it hard to continue their education and send their children to earn something and assist the family by all means. The parents of the child laboures face great difficulties to bring up their children and as a result, sent their children to earn their livelihood. These children are really unfortunate as they are forced to take up jobs for food. The children while doing the jobs send money to their parents. In tea stalls, sweet shops, in transportation such as porters and handy boy in tempos, they are mainly engaged. Many of the times, still very commonly they are employed in rich man’s houses as servants. A grate number of them are engaged in carpet making trade, tending of cows etc.

This inhuman trade can not be stopped unless a sever law is passed. Compulsory Primary Education would be of much use in this regard. However, the poor parents will not prefer to send their children to schools in fear of loss of income. Children are also engaged in small trade like shoe polishing. The problem of child labour can not be up rooted unless their parents are conscious and aware of their children. In fact these child labours die at an early stage as they do not get enough food and medicine for their survival. The child labour being very cheap they are employed by the greedy traders.

The exploitation goes on because poverty is the root behind all these. Time has come when nation should rise against such evil practice and pass suitable laws for the protection of the children.

Rafting In Nepal

 

The most popular and adventure activity is rafting and it is very famous in Nepal many international visitors are comes in Nepal for it because they can get chance to play with white fast running water and nature. Fast running river rafting is the most funny and most brave sport and it gains much popularity in Nepal because Nepal is full of mountains and all big rivers are comes from direct all mountains and they all are in very speed which is best for rafting. There for many tourists are visiting and gaining this fun in Nepali rivers now days and its popularity is going rapidly out side of Nepal. If any person is searching for the water fun then river rafting in Nepal is best chance for him/her. White water rafting is most best trip in Nepal.

Trishuli river, Bheri river, Arun river, Marshyangdi river, Bhote Koshi, karnali river etc are the best rivers for rafting in Nepal, you can get full of enjoyment in rivers with play of nature , all services are providing from the trip organization , all safety tips and equipment ate providing and you will get all information about the situation of rivers , many international tourists are just going in river and are not known about the situation of rivers and they will not get much enjoyment or they will be in accident, so if you making plan for the rafting in Nepal they you will known all rivers of rafting which are specially open for it and you most bring guard person who know all information about the rafting and rivers of rafting. From this natural fun you will get really good experience in your life all natural beauties are with you. In other country you will not get this type of white water rafting services and all natural fun, when you do this adventure due to fastness of river you are full of natural and rivers beauty so don’t missed this experience in your life you need to test it and get more enjoyment of life from this. Nepali government is also doing best and making new rules for the systematic rafting in Nepal , new press release and updates are providing day by day , in Nepal tourism is the most big and popular space and all Nepali peoples are known about it , there for you will get full of respect and help from all Nepali peoples and society so just make a plan and start from today really you best life time is start from here. All geographical situation of Nepal is best for the fast river rafting and it is suitable for the all Himalayas rivers, due to this adventure maximum Nepali peoples are getting jobs and they are providing great help for the out county tourists now days Nepali government bring Home Stay system and you will get shelter in every small and remote village , so don’t worry about the food and drinks there is all ready for you just need to order it. World’s number one rafting place is Nepal and Nepal gains this name due to fast running white water rivers, so Nepali all peoples and government should manage it with full of planning and make it popular all around the world , it is very important thing many peoples are unknown about rafting in Nepal it is because lack of advertisement and information so Nepal should understand its richness of natural sources.

Economic Activities of Ancient Nepal

The economic condition of Nepal was quite sound during the ancient period. Agriculture, cottage industry and trade were main occupation of the people. Three types of taxes imposed on agriculture, cattle-rearing and trade which was called ‘Trikar’. The Kirants raised many other taxes too. The tax office was called Kuther Adda.Nepal was a common route for trade between the north (Tibet ) and the south(India). The Kirantas made good trade relations with India, Tibet, China and Sir Lanka. According to kautilya’s Arthashastra, Nepal exported wool, woolen goods (radi, bakhkhu), blankets, wood, musk, gold, hides, skins and herbs like chiraito, etc. to India. Woollen blankets had a great demand in the market of Pataliputra(Patna, Bihar, India). They also developed the cottage industry.

The Lichchhavis had made great progress in the field of trade. They changed the barter system into monetary economy by introducing coins. Mandev had introduced the first con of Nepal called Manangka. The state fixed separate land for pasture. Though people reared cow, buffalo, pig, sheep, etc., more emphasis was given to sheep and yak because they had a great demand. For external trade, people moved ingroups. The group was called Sartha and its leader Sarthwaha. The state had established security post to protect the trades. Sometimes the Lichchhavi king made people get exempted from some taxes. King Amshuverma;s inscription of Tistung says, “Except for the goods which are not allowed to export without the permission of the government like iron, fly-flapper (Chamar), wool, musk (Kasturi), copper utensils, taxes are exempted in other goods to the Tistung-dwellers”.

The economic state of Nepal in ancient condition very poor but there are lots of good things we have to remember them , in past there are lots of good rules in economic sectors but now due to politics hand all economic sectors are going to poor per day , there are no any good management of economic all best persons are going out of the Country and we can easily see lack of peoples in village areas, all peoples are living in main city areas there for the capacity of land is decreasing day by day. We should need all things from out country we are unable to grow crops in our nation , really Nepal is in very bad condition we should understand it , but our ancient economic process are good and rules are better than present.

Dipawali (Tihar) Second large festival In Nepal.

Nepal is a country of festivals. Every now and then we have a festival. It is because of Nepal’s centuries old heritage and its great culture diversities. All different religious and ethnic groups have different cultural festivals. However, Dipawali is the one, which is united and most pompously celebrated. It is celebrated by almost all the communities and all religious, no matter its importance is various in different communities.

 

 

Depawali is in fact the festival of light. Thousands of oil lamps are lit in or around the house. Its preparation stats a few days before the festival. People clean all the house and all around. The house is white washed or painted. Dipawali begins with the festivals of crow. People offer prayer and good food to crows. The next day is the festival of dog. ON this day dog is offered good food and people pray with flowers and garlands.




The following day is the festival of cow. It is also known as Laxmi puja. Hindus regard cow as Laxmi. Hence, on this day the cow is offered prayer and good food. Hindus believe that if Laxmi becomes happy, they are offered a lot of wealth. IN the evening of this day, every house and shop offers bridal out look. Here is a great rush especially at the sweetmeat and crackers shops.

On the next fay is also celebrated in the same way. This day is known as ox-Tihar and oxen are offered prayer. The last day is vai-tika. On this day brothers are offered prayer by their sister. Hindus believe that by doing this their brothers are secured for long life with prosperity. People celebrate this festival in carious ways. Children are seen happiest enjoying the festival. But it is a pity, however, that may foolish people celebrate this holy day with bouts of drinking and night-long gambling. Many of them get ruined and repent afterwards. Some children catch fire while playing with crackers.

If we are only cautious about the drawbacks of misusing the festival they bring joy in our lives. So Dipawali is the send biggest festival of Nepal it brings lots of enjoyment and happiness in our life all relatives are together in this festivals , and all Nepali festivals are helping for the unity and help with each other in summery we can say that main aim of all festivals are to maintain peace and unity with all types of peoples and society and all Nepali are known about it all lives in single nation with different types of religious and tradition so we should respect and learn more from Nepal and Nepali peoples.

Nature

 

Nepal’s 20 protected areas cover 23.23 percent of its land. Its 10 national parks, three wildlife reserves, six conservations areas and one hunting reserve cover various geographical locations from the sub-tropical Terai jungles to the arctic Himalayan region. Two of Nepal’s natural areas are listed by UNESCO as Natural World Heritage Sites. They are: Chitwan  National Park and Sagarmatha National Park. Comprising only 0.1 percent of the total land area on a global scale, Nepal possesses a disproportionately rich biodiversity. Of the total number of species found globally, Nepal possesses 2.80 percent plants, 3.96 percent mammals, 3.72 percent butterflies and 8.9 percent of birds. Of 6,391 species of flowering plants recorded in Nepal, 399 are endemic. Among the 399 endemic flowering plants in Nepal, 63 percent are from the high mountains, 38 percent from the mid hills, and 5 percent from the Terai and Siwaliks. Similarly, the central region contains 66 percent of the total endemic species followed by western (32 percent) and eastern regions (29 percent).

 Nepal’s wildlife belong to the Palaearctic and Indo-Malayan realms. The 136 ecosystems is confined to 11 bio-climatic zones and 9 eco-regions that are defined by ecological features, climate and plant and animal communities. The endemic fauna are: Himalayan field mouse, spiny babbler, Nepali kalij, 14 herpetofauna, and six types of fishes. Wildlife also include like endangered animals like the Royal Bengal tiger and the one-horned rhinoceros. Nepal is home 850 species of birds and more than half of these are found in the Kathmandu Valley. The natural resources of Nepal are water, hydropower, scenic beauty, quartz, timber, lignite, copper, cobalt and iron ore. Vast expanse of land in the country is used for agriculture with about 16 percent of total arable land.

climate

Nepal 's climate varies according to elevation. The Terai of southern Nepal has a tropical monsoon climate characterized by rainy summers and the southwest winds of the monsoon, and almost dry winters. The effect of the southern monsoon climate extends northward into mountain valleys. In the Middle Himalayan valleys the amount of precipitation varies with the extent of exposure to the rain-bearing monsoon winds. Several high valleys located in the rain shadow (area where precipitation is partially blocked by mountains) are dry. In the Kathmandu Valley the average rainfall is about 2,300 mm (about 90 in), most of which occurs from June to September. Between elevations of about 500 and 2,700 m (about 1,640 and 8,860 ft) there is a warm temperate climate; between about 2,700 and 3,000 m (about 8,860 and 9,840 ft) a cool temperate climate prevails. Between about 3,500 and 4,100 m (about 11,480 and 13,450 ft) summers are cool and winters are very cold. Above 4,100 m (about 13,450 ft) a severely cold, alpine climate prevail.

 

Here’s a brief view of the average temperatures and rainfall during peak summer and winter in three most popular tourist areas:

Place	Summer (May, June, July)			Winter (Dec, Jan, Feb)
	Max (°C)	Min (°C)	Rain (mm)	Max (°C)	Min (°C)	Rain (mm)
Kathmandu	28.1	19.5	312	19.3	3.0	15.4
Pokhara	29.7	21.3	829.7	20.3	7.7	26.3
Chitwan	33.0	25.3	404.0	24.1	8.3	13.8

 

History

 

History of Nepal is characterized by its isolated position in the Himalayas and its two neighbors, India and China . Due to the arrival of disparate settler groups from outside through the ages, it is now a multi-ethnic, multi-cultural, multilingual country. Central Nepal was split in three kingdoms from the 15th century until the 18th century, when it was unified under the Shah monarchy. The national language of Nepal is Nepali, which is also the most-spoken language of Nepal.  

From the 7th or 8th Century B.C. the Kirantis are said to have ruled the valley. Their famous King Yalumber is even mentioned in the epic, ‘Mahabharat’. Around 300 A.D. the Lichhavis arrived from northern India and overthrew the Kirantis. One of the legacies of the Lichhavis is the Changu Narayan Temple near Bhaktapur, a UNESCO World Heritage Site (Culture), which dates back to the 5th Century.During their 550 year rule, the Mallas built numerous temples and splendid palaces with picturesque squares. It was also during their rule that society and the cities became well organized; religious festivals were introduced and literature, music and art were encouraged. After the death of Yaksha Malla, the valley was divided into three kingdoms: Kathmandu (Kantipur), Bhaktapur (Bhadgaon) and Patan (Lalitpur). During the 17th and early 18thcenturies, Gorkha continued a slow expansion, conquering various states while forging alliances with others. Prithvi Narayan dedicated himself at an early age to the conquest of the Kathmandu Valley.During the mid-19th Century Jung Bahadur Rana became Nepal’s first prime minister to wield absolute power relegating the Shah king to mere figureheads. He started a hereditary reign of the Rana Prime Ministers that lasted for 104 years.The Ranas were overthrown in a democracy movement of the early 1950s with support from the-then monarch of Nepal, King Tribhuvan. Soon after the overthrow of the Ranas, King Tribhuvan was reinstated as the Head of the State.After many years of struggle when the political parties were banned, they finally mustered enough courage to start a People’s Movement in 1990. A Constituent Assembly election was held on April 10, 2008. On May 28,2008, the newly elected Constituent Assembly declared Nepal a Federal Democratic Republic, abolishing the 240 year-old monarchy. Nepal today has a President as Head of State and a Prime Minister heading the Government.

Tourism

Nepal Tourism Board is a national organization established in 1998 by an act of Parliament in the form of partnership between the Government of Nepal and private sector tourism industry  to develop and market Nepal as an attractive tourist destination.Tourism is the largest industry in Nepal, and the largest source of foreign exchange. In Nepal there are 8 of the 10 highest mountains in the world. Nepal is a hotspot destination for mountaineers, rock climbers and people seeking adventures.More tourist are attracted towards our country due to this reasons. As well as Hindu and Buddhist heritages and cold weather of Nepal are also strong attractions.

 

Nepal is the country where Mount Everest, the highest mountain peak in the world, is located which is one of the world famous peak. Mountaineering and other types of adventure tourism and ecotourism are important attractions for visitors. The world heritage Lumbini, birthplace of Gautam Buddha, is located in southern Nepal, and there are other important religious pilgrimage sites throughout the country which attracts the many tourist, world widely.  The tourist industry is seen as a way to alleviate poverty and achieve greater social publisity in the country. The government of Nepal has also declared Lumbini Tourism Year 2012 to promote Lumbini - the birthplace of Lord Buddha. Even tourism sector helps to earn the foreign income and helps in the further future development of our country.  

Introduction

Nepal is a landlocked sovereign state located in South Asia. With an area of 147,181 square  kilometre (56,827 sq mi) and a population of approximately 27 million (and nearly 2 million absentee workers living abroad). Nepal is the worlds 93rd largest country by land mass.The mountainous north of Nepal has eight of the world's ten tallest mountains, including the highest point on Earth, Mount Everest, called  Sagarmatha. It contains more than 240 peaks over 20,000 ft (6,096 m) above sea level. Mountaineering and other types of adventure tourism and ecotourism  are important attractions for visitors.

The world heritage  Lumbini  birthplace of Gautam Buddha, is located in southern Nepal, and there are other important religious pilgrimage sites throughout the country. The world's largest temple of Shiva which is located in Kathmandu, attracts many pilgrims and tourists. Other Hindu pilgrimage site include the temple complex in Swargadwari located in the Pyuthan district, lake Gosainkunda near Dhunche, the temples at Devghat  Manakamana temple in the Gorkha district.The government of Nepal declared 2011 to be Nepal Tourism Year, and hoped to attract one million foreign tourists to the country during that year. The tourist industry is seen as a way to alleviate poverty and achieve greater social equity in the country. As well as Nepal has more than 61 ethnic groups and 70 spoken languages. Even in the context of climate Nepal climate is more favourable to live and as well for tourism sector.